Grade 8 (UT+Exam) - 081

 MS Word

1. What are the main parts of the MS Word interface?
   MS Word's interface includes the Ribbon, which organizes commands into tabs (Home, Insert, Layout, etc.), the Quick Access Toolbar for frequently used actions, the Document Area for writing and editing text, and the Status Bar that displays information like page count and word count [1].
2. How do you change the font style and size in MS Word?
   In the Home tab, use the Font group to select the desired font style and size. Advanced options like text effects, underlining, and subscript/superscript are also available for further customization [4].
3. What is the purpose of the "Header and Footer" option in MS Word?
   The Header and Footer tool is used to add consistent information (like page numbers, document titles, or dates) at the top (header) or bottom (footer) of each page across a document, improving its layout and professional appearance.
4. How do you insert and format a table in MS Word?
   Go to the Insert tab, choose "Table," and select the number of rows and columns. Once inserted, use the Table Design and Layout tabs to customize borders, shading, alignment, and more [4].
5. What is a paragraph in MS Word, and how do you format it?
   A paragraph is a block of text separated by a line break. You can format it using the Paragraph group in the Home tab, adjusting alignment, indentation, spacing, or using advanced options like line spacing and widow/orphan control [1].

MS Excel

1. What is the difference between a workbook and a worksheet in Excel?
   A workbook is an entire Excel file that contains multiple worksheets (or tabs). Each worksheet is a single grid of cells where data is entered and analyzed [2].
2. How do you create a chart from data in Excel?
   Select the data you want to visualize, go to the Insert tab, and choose a chart type (such as bar, line, or pie chart). Customize the chart by adding titles, adjusting axes, and using Chart Tools for advanced formatting [5].
3. What are the different types of cell references in Excel?
• Relative reference (A1): Changes when copied to another cell.
• Absolute reference ($A$1): Remains constant regardless of where it's copied.
• Mixed reference (A$1 or $A1): Partially adjusts depending on where it’s copied [2].
4. How can you use formulas to calculate the sum of a column in Excel?
   Use the =SUM(A1:A10) formula to add the values in the specified range of cells. You can also apply this formula to multiple columns or rows for more complex calculations [5].
5. What are conditional formatting rules, and how are they applied?
   Conditional formatting changes the appearance of cells based on specific conditions, like highlighting values over a certain number. Go to the Home tab, click on Conditional Formatting, and set rules like "greater than" or "less than" to apply it [2].

MS PowerPoint

1. How do you create a new presentation in PowerPoint?
   Open PowerPoint, click "New" in the File tab, and choose either a blank presentation or a template. Customize the template by adding slides, text, and multimedia content [6].
2. What is the purpose of the "Slide Master" in PowerPoint?
   The Slide Master provides a template for consistent slide design across the entire presentation. By editing the Slide Master, you can standardize fonts, colors, and layouts for every slide [3].
3. How do you add animations to objects in PowerPoint?
   Select the object (text, image, or shape), go to the Animations tab, and choose from effects like Fade, Zoom, or Fly-In. You can also customize timing and sequence through the Animation Pane [6].
4. What is the "Slide Sorter" view, and how is it used?
   The Slide Sorter view displays all slides as thumbnails, allowing you to easily rearrange slides, apply transitions, and organize the flow of the presentation [6].
5. How can you insert audio or video in a PowerPoint slide?
   Go to the Insert tab, select "Audio" or "Video," and choose a file from your computer or an online source. Once inserted, you can format playback settings using the Audio/Video Tools tab [6].

Canva (Graphic Design)

1. What is Canva, and how is it used for creating designs?
   Canva is an online graphic design platform used to create visuals like posters, business cards, and presentations. It offers drag-and-drop tools and templates to make designing easy.
2. How do you choose a template for a design in Canva?
   From Canva's homepage, browse categories like social media, posters, or business cards, and select a template to customize.
3. What are the steps to add and format text on an image in Canva?
   After selecting a template, click on "Text" to add a heading, subheading, or body text. Format it by changing the font, size, color, or alignment using the toolbar.
4. How can you use Canva to create a business card?
   Choose the business card template, edit the design by adding logos, text, and icons, and download the final version as a high-quality image or PDF.
5. What is the purpose of the "Background Remover" tool in Canva?
   The Background Remover tool allows you to eliminate backgrounds from images, making it easier to create clean, professional designs without distractions.

Scratch (Programming)

1. What is Scratch, and how do you create a new project in it?
   Scratch is a block-based programming platform where users create interactive projects. To start a new project, open Scratch, click on "Create," and begin dragging code blocks into the coding area.
2. How do you make a sprite move using blocks in Scratch?
   Use blocks from the "Motion" category, like "move 10 steps" or "glide to x, y," to control a sprite's movements on the stage.
3. What is the "Control" block category used for in Scratch?
   Control blocks manage the flow of the program. Examples include loops ("repeat 10 times") and conditional blocks ("if then") to run specific actions based on conditions.
4. How can you create a simple game using Scratch?
   Combine blocks from different categories like Motion, Control, and Looks to create interactive elements. Use scoring systems, collisions, and player inputs (like mouse clicks) to make a functional game.
5. What is a "Broadcast" message in Scratch, and how is it used?
   Broadcast messages allow sprites to communicate with each other. When a broadcast is sent, other scripts or sprites can be programmed to react to the message, enabling coordination between different elements of the program.

mBlock (Programming)

1. What is mBlock, and how is it used for educational programming?
   mBlock is a programming tool based on Scratch that supports robotic programming and STEAM education. It allows students to program hardware like robots and drones using block-based coding.
2. How do you connect a robot to mBlock and control it?
   Use the Connect menu in mBlock to pair a robot with the computer, then drag blocks into the workspace to program and control the robot's movements, sensors, and lights.
3. What are "events" in mBlock, and how are they used in programming?
   Events are used to trigger actions in a program. For example, "when green flag clicked" starts the program, and other events like button presses or sensor inputs can initiate specific commands.
4. How can mBlock be used to introduce AI concepts to students?
   mBlock includes AI tools like speech recognition and image classification, allowing students to explore AI by programming robots to respond to voice commands or recognize objects through machine learning.
5. What are the key differences between Scratch and mBlock?
   While both are block-based, mBlock extends Scratch's functionality by supporting physical hardware programming, advanced AI features, and more complex sensors and outputs.