UT-Extra Dozz (G8)

a) What is the difference between hardware and software?

  • Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer, while software refers to the programs and data that run on and are processed by the hardware.

b) Where are hybrid computers used?

  • Hybrid computers are used in applications that require both analog and digital data processing, such as in medical diagnostics (e.g., ECG machines) and scientific computations.

c) What is cloud computing?

  • Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services such as storage, processing, and software over the internet ("the cloud") rather than using local servers or personal devices.

d) What is machine learning?

  • Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that involves the development of algorithms that allow computers to learn from and make predictions or decisions based on data.

e) What do you mean by the generation of computer?

  • The generation of a computer refers to the stages of technological development and advancement in computer technology, each marked by significant breakthroughs in hardware and software.

f) What is the main purpose of RAM in a computer?

  • The main purpose of RAM (Random Access Memory) is to store data and machine code currently being used, allowing for fast access by the CPU.

g) What does AI include?

  • AI includes machine learning, natural language processing, robotics, expert systems, and neural networks.

h) What is operating system?

  • An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.

##For fill in the blanks

a) Booting is the process of starting a computer and loading the OS. b) Hard disk is a device that stores data permanently. c) ROM stands for Read Only Memory.

d) USB is an acronym for Universal Serial Bus. e) Commonly, an abacus is divided into two sections. f) A CPU is the central processing unit of a computer.

##Write the full form of the followings.

a) IC - Integrated Circuit b) CPU - Central Processing Unit

c) RAM - Random Access Memory d) ICU - Intensive Care Unit


##Multiple choice questions

a) Which of the following is not an operating system?

  • iii) MS-Office

b) Which generation of computers used vacuum tubes?

  • i) First

c) Which of the following is an example of system software?

  • iii) Windows OS

d) Which type of memory is non-volatile?

  • i) ROM


##Short Questions 

a) Why were the first generation computers huge in size?

  • The first generation computers were huge in size because they used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, which were large and consumed a lot of power, generating a lot of heat.

b) What are the main functions of an operating system?

  • The main functions of an operating system are managing hardware resources, providing a user interface, executing and providing services for software applications, and handling file and memory management.

c) What is the difference between primary and secondary memory?

  • Primary memory, such as RAM, is volatile and used for temporary storage while the computer is running. Secondary memory, such as a hard disk, is non-volatile and used for permanent storage of data and programs.

d) What is an operating system? Write any one feature of OS.

  • An operating system (OS) is software that acts as an intermediary between computer hardware and the user. It manages hardware resources and provides services for computer programs. One feature of an OS is multitasking, which allows multiple applications to run simultaneously by managing their execution and allocating system resources appropriately.

 

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